Bishop Crowther reports European merchants joining Bonny Ju-Ju clubs

In 1875 Bishop Samuel Ajayi Crowther wrote that "some three months ago an intelligent, well-educated Englishman degraded himself so far as to conform to the idolatrous practices of the heathens at Bonny; to join their secret club, he performs all the idolatrous rites required on the occasion. This, it was said, cost him about £300." Crowther also noted that Bonny chiefs sent their children to mission schools not for religious instruction but "to be taught how to gauge palm-oil and other like mercantile business."